During the procedure there are magnetic coils placed under the patient that generate low energetic electromagnetic fields and non homogenic electromagnetic fields around patient chest. In parallel the CARTO system uses electromagnetic fields for localization of the catheter. This is important e when repeated catheter navigation to desired location is needed during radiofrequency ablation. Besides the risk associated with the use of Xrays, fluoroscopy does not provide accurate information on orientation and position of the catheter tip in three-dimensional heart chamber. Limitation of such a technique is the need of fluoroscopic control of the catheter’s position. One of these mapping system is called CARTO and was developed in the middle of 90s.ĭuring conventional electrophysiologic mapping the activation time of endocardial signals is compared to referential signal. Due to recent technological development there have appeared new mapping systems that can be used for extensive endocardial mapping of cardiac arrhythmias. Examples of sequence of activation, map of area with equal potentials or map of propagation of activation wave. Signals can be acquired simultaneously from various sites or sequentially, point by point, and theses data can be visualized parameters encoded. Electrical activity in the heart can recorded from the body surface (ECG mapping), from the surface of the heart epicardial mapping or from endocardium. Advantages of the system, as compared to the conventional endocardial mapping with fluoroscopy are discussed, especially detailed and accurate visualization of the activation pattern of arrhythmias and easy catheter navigation to the desired arrhythmic substrate during radiofrequency ablation.Ĭardiac mapping, broadly speaking includes various techniques. The principles and clinical experience with anelectroanatomic mapping system that allow 3-dimensional reconstruction of cardiac cavities using aggregate information of the position of the mapping catheter in the electromagnetic field and local activation time. Mapping of the heart is one of the basic technology parameter in diagnosing and Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias. The CARTO system advances understanding of arrhythmias, and increases the safety, efficacy of radiofrequency of ablation. In addition the use of an electro mapping system may lesser the time, that doctors and patients are exposed to radiation. These systems may help doctors in making sure that lesions are no gaps and in reducing complications, such as perforation of the heart or oesophagus. Some electro physiologists use electro anatomic mapping systems like NaVx and CARTO(biosense Webster) which provide colourful 3D images that show variations in a patients anatomy. The non fluoroscopic electro anatomic mapping technique or procedure CARTO has been developed to overcome these hitches. Conventional fluoroscopic catheter mapping has restricted spatial resolution and involves prolonged fluoroscopy. Catheter ablation is assuming a pivotal role in the management abd treatment of Cardiac arrhythmias. Table 1: Accuracy of EnSite Precision Cardiac Mapping System (v2.0.It is a technique to treat patients with different arrhythmias. This study tested the tracking accuracy and the navigation accuracy of the EnSite™ NavX™ Sensor Enabled™ technology in the EnSite Precision module with the FlexAbility™ ablation catheter, Sensor Enabled™ and the Advisor™ FL circular mapping catheter, Sensor Enabled™. Performance bench testing was conducted to verify the tracking and navigation accuracy of the magnetic navigation and visualization technology in the EnSite Precision Cardiac Mapping System. Highlights from Accuracy Testing and Verification²
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